Title: Tears falling on goosebumps
Other Titles: Co-occurence of emotional lacrimation and emptional piloerection indicates a psychophysiological climax in emotional arousal
Authors: Wassiliwizky, Eugen
Jacobsen, Thomas 
Heinrich, Jan
Schneiderbauer, Manuel
Menninghaus, Winfried
Language: eng
Issue Date: 2017
Document Type: Article
Source: Enthalten in: Frontiers in psychology. - Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation, 2008. - Online-Ressource . - Bd. 8.2017, 41 (7. Feb.), insges. 15 S.
Journal / Series / Working Paper (HSU): Frontiers in psychology
Volume: 8
Issue: Artikel 41
Abstract: 
This psychophysiological study is the first to examine the relationship between emotional tears and emotional piloerection (i.e., goosebumps). Although both phenomena have been related to peak states of being moved, details about their temporal occurrence and the associated levels of physiological arousal have remained unknown. In our study, we used emotionally powerful film scenes that were self-selected by participants. Our findings show that even within peak moments of emotional arousal, a gradation of intensity is possible. The overlap of tears and goosebumps signifies a maximal climax within peak moments. On the side of the stimulus, we found that displays of prosocial behavior play a crucial role in the elicitation of tears and goosebumps. Finally, based on the results of a formal film analysis of the tears-eliciting clips provided by our participants, as compared to randomly extracted, equally long control clips from the same films, we show how the technical and artistic making of the clips was optimized for the display of social interaction and emotional expressions.
Organization Units (connected with the publication): Allgemeine und Biologische Psychologie 
Verlags-DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00041
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