In this chapter, recent results on formation and investigation of photorefractive waveguides have been summarized, and some interesting applications of these samples have been outlined. Further improvement and simplification of the necessary fabrication technologies, e.g., by low-cost thin film deposition, as well as tailored photorefractive properties and geometries of the waveguides, will stimulate future developments in this active research area. © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.