DiaData: a multi-modal, integrated time-series dataset for type 1 diabetes research

Publication date
2025
Document type
Research data
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Zenodo
Part of the university bibliography
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Language
English
Keyword
Diabetes type 1
Hypoglycemia
Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Hyperglycemia
Glucose
Heart rate data
Demographic features
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing cells, as to why affected individuals depend on external insulin injections. However, insulin can cause low blood glucose levels of hypoglycemia (≤70 mg/dL), which is a severe event with dangerous side effects. Data analysis can significantly enhance diabetes care by identifying personal patterns and trends leading to adverse events. However, diabetes and hypoglycemia research is limited by the unavailability of large datasets. Thus, we pesent DiaData. DiaData integrates 13 different datasets and presents a large continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) dataset comprising data from individuals with T1D across various age groups. CGM data is reported every 5 minutes. The Maindatabase (MDB) contains CGM measurements of all 1720 subjects. From this, three subsets are extracted: Subdatabase I (SDBI) includes CGM data and demographics of age and sex for 1709 subjects, Subdatabase II (SDBII) includes CGM and heart rate data for a subset of 51 subjects, while Subdatabase III (SDBIII) includes CGM data and personal features of sex, age, race, height, weight, age of diagnosis (DiagAge), and HbA1c values of 1651 subjects. In addition, the datasets are provided with a 15 minute sampling frequency.
Description
DiaData is provided in .csv format, where each row represents a single CGM measurement. The Maindatabase includes CGM data for all subjects, with the following columns: timestamp (ts), patient identifier (PtID), glucose value (GlucoseCGM), and the source database name (Database). Subdatabase I adds demographic information, including AgeGroup, AgeGroupBroad, and Sex. Subdatabase II contains CGM data combined with heart rate (HR) measurements. Finally, Subdatabase III integrates CGM data and demographic information of AgeGroup, AgeGroupBroad, Sex, Hba1c, DiagAgeGroup, DiagAgeGroupBroad, Race, HeightCm, and WeightKg.

The datasets used in this study were obtained from a variety of third-party sources:
- the D1NAMO dataset (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5651217),
- the HUPA-UCM Diabetes Dataset (doi: 10.17632/3hbcscwz44.1),
- the Diabetes Adolescents Time Series with Heart Rate dataset (https://github.com/ictinnovaties-zorg/dataset-diabetes-adolescents-time-series-with-heart-rate/tree/main/data-csv),
- the ShanghaiT1DM dataset (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.20444397.v3),
- the T1GDUJA dataset (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11284018),
- the CITY dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/565),
- the ReplaceBG dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/546),
- the RT-CGM dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/563),
- the DLCP3 dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/573),
- the SENCE dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/537),
- the Severe Hypoglycemia in Older Adults with Type 1 Diabetes dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/537),
- the WISDM dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/564),
- the PEDAP dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/599).

The sources of subsets of the data are the Barbara Davis Center, Jaeb Center for Health Research, Joslin Diabetes Center, T1D Exchange, University of Colorado, and University of Virginia. The analyses, content, and conclusions presented herein are solely the responsibility of the authors and have not been reviewed or approved by the before mentioned institutions.
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