Validation of a laboratory-scale inverters role in forming a standalone multi-energy microgrid

Abstract

Utilizing multi-energy renewable microgrids is a promising prospect for decentralized electric power generation. To form a multi-energy microgrid and integrate different renewable energy sources, grid-forming inverters are the core elements. Therefore, their performance has to be tested and validated to increase the quality and reliability of the power supply. The present paper investigates the suitability of a specifically designed and implemented grid-forming inverter as the central component in such microgrid systems. Quality of black-start, frequency and voltage regulation, fast transient response, energy efficiency, low harmonic distortion, proper power factor control, synchronization and phase alignment for integration of renewable energy sources and energy storage devices such as photovoltaics and lithium-ion battery bank, respectively, fault-ride through capability, and resilience to fluctuations imposed by loads are the main features that have been tested and validated for a laboratory-scale grid-forming inverter. The study focuses on the parameters essential for ensuring the reliable and efficient operation of the inverter in dynamic and diverse energy environments, especially its adaptability to varying load profiles and its resilience towards intermittent energy inputs. The findings from this performance evaluation contribute insights for engineers, researchers, and industry professionals involved in the design, deployment, and optimization of multi-energy microgrids.