Elektromagnetische Störfestigkeit autonomer Systeme

Maintaining compliance to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards becomes an increasing challenge for the automotive industry in the course of the ongoing automation of vehicles. Novel extended design procedures and test standards are required to ensure safety of automated driving functions, particularly in an adverse electromagnetic (EM) environment. In order to keep the number of tests within a reasonable and practical limit, an evaluation framework based on virtual design methods and information drawn from legacy experiments and simulations can support the automotive industry. With this digital framework appropriate technological solutions can be identified during the pre-compliance phase and efficient experimental designs can be generated to ensure EMC compliance. Furthermore, such a framework paves the way for digital EMC twins of automated vehicles (AVs) considering the complex interrelations of AV’s (sub-)systems to accurately predict the behaviour of new AV functions in various EM environments. To this purpose, a cross-domain platform is being developed in this work as the backbone of such a virtual framework. It supports the handling, storage and processing of various datasets from EMC test campaigns, including (intentional) electromagnetic interference ((I)EMI) tests, as well as simulations of automotive devices-under-test (DUTs). The platform allows for the establishment of interconnections between various data sources and deeper analyses based on artificial intelligence (AI) methods to deduce EMC information for new developments, whilst maintaining traceability.

Standardized radiation measurements can be simulated by various numerical or analytical approaches. In this article, a transfer function method is proposed for a fast and accurate antenna voltage prediction. Assuming that the interference source can be characterized as a linear Norton equivalent current source, its internal admittances and source currents are determined from measurements made with a vector network analyzer and an oscilloscope. The setup of the radiation measurement is described as a transfer function using its scattering parameters. A system of equations is set up with the multiport theory and solved for the antenna voltage, which is fed into a spectrum analyzer model. The result is compared to a measurement in a fully anechoic chamber. The method is extended to interference sources with stochastic signals, and, in the course of this, an approach for the estimation of the radiation measurement is developed. A dc motor is used as an application example.