openHSU – Research Showcase

4737
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858
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109
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37
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  • Publication
    Open Access
    Untersuchungen zur Tragfähigkeit von Baugruben mit der Finite-Elemente-Methode
    (UB HSU, 2024-10-29) ; ;
    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität / Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg
    ;
    Tschuchnigg, Franz
    Die vorliegende Dissertation untersucht die Tragfähigkeit von Baugruben unter Verwendung der Finite-Elemente-Methode (FEM). Die FEM ermöglicht eine realitätsnahe Analyse des Spannungs-Dehnungs-Verhaltens, da unter anderem das nichtlineare Materialverhalten des Bodens sowie die Boden-Bauwerk-Interaktion realitätsnah berücksichtigt werden. In der Arbeit werden skriptbasierte Optimierungsverfahren für Baugruben und eine Festigkeitsreduktionsmethode zur Versagensanalyse vorgestellt, um die globale Standsicherheit von Baugruben zu quantifizieren. Die Novellierung des Eurocode 7 sieht die erstmalige normative Regelegung numerischer Bemessungsverfahren vor, Input Factoring Approach (IFA) und Output Factoring Approach (OFA). In diesem Kontext erfolgt eine Variationsstudie an verschiedenen Baugrubenkonstruktionen zur Sensitivität des Biegemomentenverlaufs gegenüber Änderungen in den Boden- und Bauteilparametern, um kritische Einflussfaktoren und einen Steifigkeitsparameter K für die Bemessung zu entwickeln. Darüber hinaus besteht eine Diskrepanz zwischen den beiden Verfahren IFA und OFA hinsichtlich der Sicherheit auf den Wasserdruck. Daher wird im Anschluss ein geometrischer Versatz ∆ im Nachweisverfahren IFA zur Berücksichtigung der fehlenden Sicherheit vorgeschlagen. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden auf reale Baugruben mit unterschiedlichen Randbedingungen angewandt und zeigen die Relevanz eines ganzheitlichen Ansatzes durch FEM.
  • Publication
    Metadata only
    Make it special!
    (Sage Publishing, 2019-10-23)
    Marschallek, Barbara E.
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    Weiler, Selina M.
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    Jörg, Mona
    ;
    This study investigated the need for uniqueness, visual aesthetic sensitivity, and their correlation. To investigate these variables, we asked 71 participants to complete the German adaptation of the Need for Uniqueness scale (NfU-G) and the Visual Aesthetic Sensitivity Test (VAST) - including the VAST-Revised (VAST-R). The NfU-G measures the need to set oneself apart from others, whereas the VAST(-R) tests the ability to identify the objective aesthetic goodness of a figural composition. The findings of this study are significantly compliant with theoretical considerations: the higher a participant scores on the NfU-G scale, the lower the percentage of correctly identified drawings on the VAST(-R), with the VAST being a stronger predictor than the VAST-R. Thus, the results suggest that participants who strive for individuality exhibit lower visual aesthetic sensitivity since they tend to violate norms in order to assert their uniqueness. Limitations regarding this outcome are discussed.
  • Publication
    Metadata only
    Adjustments of selective attention to response conflict – controlling for perceptual conflict, target-distractor identity, and congruency level sequence pertaining to the congruency sequence effect
    (Springer, 2021-05-04) ;
    Wendt, Mike
    ;
    ;
    The congruency sequence effect (CSE) describes the performance difference of congruent trials (in which target and distractor stimuli are associated with the same response) compared to incongruent trials (in which target and distractor stimuli are associated with different responses) as a function of the preceding congruency level (congruent trials relative to incongruent trials). The CSE is commonly interpreted as a measure of conflict-induced attentional adjustment. Although previous research has made substantial progress aiming at controlling for alternative explanations of the CSE, both task-specific and fundamental confounds have remained. In the current study, we used a temporal flanker task, in which two stimuli (i.e., distractor and target) are presented in rapid succession, and extended previous demonstrations of a CSE in flanker tasks by deconfounding target-distractor congruency from perceptual similarity. Using a four-choice task, we could also control for the reversal of distractor-response priming after incongruent trials (which is only feasible in two-choice tasks). Furthermore, we controlled for all confounds based on the sequence (i.e., repetition versus alternation) of the congruency level – such as feature sequence effects, distractor-response contingency switch costs, or temporal learning – by probing the allocation of attention to the points in time of presentation of the first and the second stimulus of a trial. This was achieved by intermixing trials of a temporal search task. The performance accuracy results in this task were consistent with a stronger attentional bias in favor of the target stimulus’ temporal position after incongruent than after congruent trials.
  • Publication
    Metadata only
    Beauty and the busy mind
    (PLOS, 2021-03-12)
    Weigand, Rosalie
    ;
    Aesthetic experiences have been distinguished from other experiences based on an aesthetic mode of processing that often entails concentrating working memory resources on the aesthetic stimulus. Since working memory is a limited-capacity system, there should be a trade-off between available resources and the aesthetic experience. To test whether the intensity of the aesthetic experience is reduced if working memory resources are otherwise occupied, we employed an experience sampling method. One hundred and fifteen undergraduate students (45% female; M age = 23.50 years, SD = 2.72 years) participated in a 2-week experience sampling study and furnished a total of 15,047 reports of their aesthetic experiences. As measures of current working memory resources, participants answered questions regarding their current working memory load and whether they were engaged in a second task. In addition, they reported whether they had had an aesthetic experience and how much they had savored the aesthetic experience. Multilevel modeling was used for data analysis. A higher working memory load was associated with fewer aesthetic experiences and reduced the savoring of aesthetic experiences. Second tasks, however, that were perceived as demanding and requiring a lot of concentration enhanced the savoring of aesthetic experiences. In sum, other goal-oriented behavior that requires working memory resources appears to conflict with aesthetic experiences in everyday life.
  • Publication
    Metadata only
    Task switching in adult ADHD
    (Springer, 2019) ; ;
    Gawrilow, C.
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    Wendt, Mike
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    ;
    Goossens-Merkt, H.
  • Publication
    Metadata only
    Effects of acute stress on attentional adjustment and distractor-elicited response activitvation
    (Pabst Science Publishers, 2020)
    Gillich, Imke
    ;
    Wendt, Mike
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    ;
    Vogel, Susanne
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  • Publication
    Metadata only
    W1.000: Der beflügelte Mensch
    (Pabst Science Publishers, 2018)
    Schroeter, Felix
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    ;
    Dehmel, Philipp
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  • Publication
    Metadata only
  • Publication
    Metadata only
    W2.504: Psychologische Folgen beruflicher Mobilität bei Angehörigen der Bundeswehr
    (Pabst Science Publishers, 2018)
    Heiß, Andreas
    ;
    Kowalski, Jens K.
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    Röttger, Stefan
    ;
    Maier, Johanna
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  • Publication
    Metadata only
    Automatic detection of unattended changes in room acoustics
    (Elsevier Science, 2014-10-06)
    Frey, Johannes Daniel
    ;
    Wendt, Mike
    ;
    Previous research has shown that the human auditory system continuously monitors its acoustic environment, detecting a variety of irregularities (e.g., deviance from prior stimulation regularity in pitch, loudness, duration, and (perceived) sound source location). Detection of irregularities can be inferred from a component of the event-related brain potential (ERP), referred to as the mismatch negativity (MMN), even in conditions in which participants are instructed to ignore the auditory stimulation. The current study extends previous findings by demonstrating that auditory irregularities brought about by a change in room acoustics elicit a MMN in a passive oddball protocol (acoustic stimuli with differing room acoustics, that were otherwise identical, were employed as standard and deviant stimuli), in which participants watched a fiction movie (silent with subtitles). While the majority of participants reported no awareness for any changes in the auditory stimulation, only one out of 14 participants reported to have become aware of changing room acoustics or sound source location. Together, these findings suggest automatic monitoring of room acoustics.